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American Journal of Critical Care. 2008;17: 198-203
Copyright © 2008 by the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses.
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Research in Patients With Heart Failure: Challenges in Recruitment

By Susan J. Pressler, RN, DNS, Usha Subramanian, MS, MD, Rose Mary Shaw, PsyD, Leslie E. Meyer, BS, Klarisa Stoudemire, RN, BSN and Irmina Gradus-Pizlo, MD. Susan J. Pressler was a professor at Indiana University School of Nursing in Indianapolis when this work was done. She is now a professor at the University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor. Usha Subramanian is an assistant professor in the Indiana University School of Medicine and at the Roudebush Veteran Affairs Medical Center in Indianapolis. Rose Mary Shaw was a neuropsychology fellow in the Department of Neurology, and Leslie E. Meyer was a member of the consulting staff in the Division of Biostatistics at Indiana University School of Medicine. Klarisa Stoudemire was a student at Indiana University School of Nursing and is now at Norton Healthcare in Louisville, Kentucky. Irmina Gradus-Pizlo is an associate professor of medicine at the Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University School of Medicine.

Corresponding author: Susan J. Pressler, RN, DNS, Professor, University of Michigan School of Nursing, 400 N Ingalls, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 (e-mail: SPressle{at}umich.edu).

Background Published studies of patients with heart failure may not include details about the challenges in the recruitment process.

Objectives To describe the recruitment process during the first 18 months of a study being conducted to evaluate cognitive deficits in patients with chronic heart failure.

Methods Details of the recruitment process are described for 2 clinic sites.

Results A total of 4027 echocardiograms were screened at site 1 to evaluate eligibility. Of the 161 patients eligible, 61 (38%) were invited to participate, and 29 of the 61 (48%) completed the study. At site 2, four hundred thirty-seven medical records of patients were screened, resulting in 163 eligible patients (37%). The staff invited 70 of the 163 patients (43%) to participate, and 52 of the 70 (74%) completed the study. The refusal rate was 23% at site 1 and 21% at site 2.

Conclusions Successful recruitment in studies involving patients with heart failure often requires screening of a large group of patients.




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Am. J. Crit. Care., November 1, 2009; 18(6): 562 - 570.
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