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American Journal of Critical Care. 2008;17: 436-442
Copyright © 2008 by the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses.
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Validation of Chinese Version of the Modified Pulmonary Functional Status and Dyspnea Questionnaire With Heart Failure Patients in Taiwan

By Tsuey-Yuan Huang, RN, MSN, Debra K. Moser, RN, DNSc, Yeu-Sheng Hsieh, PhD, Suzanne C. Lareau, RN, MS, Adelaide Caroci Durkin, RN, MSN and Shiow-Li Hwang, RN, DNSc. Tsuey-Yuan Huang is a senior lecturer at the Chang Gung Institute of Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan. Debra K. Moser is a professor and holds the Gill Endowed Chair of Nursing at the College of Nursing, University of Kentucky in Lexington. She is also the editor of the Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. Yeu-Sheng Hsieh is a professor in the Department of Agriculture Extension, National Taiwan University. Suzanne C. Lareau is a senior instructor, College of Nursing, University of Colorado, Denver. Adelaide Caroci Durkin is an assistant professor at Kettering College of Medical Arts, Dayton, Ohio. Shiow-Li Hwang is a professor at and the president of Chang Gung Institute of Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.

Corresponding author: Shiow-Li Hwang, RN, DNSc, Professor and President, Chang Gung Institute of Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan, 261, Wen-hwa 1st Rd, Kwei-shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan 333 (e-mail: tyhuang{at}gw.cgit.edu.tw).

Background Dyspnea is a distressing and functionally limiting symptom that patients with heart failure commonly experience. A valid instrument to quantify dyspnea for comparison of groups and for illness management is important.

Objective To validate the Chinese version of the Modified Pulmonary Functional Status and Dyspnea Questionnaire.

Methods The Chinese version was developed by using translation and back translation and was tested in Taiwan in 88 patients who had heart failure but no pulmonary disease or comorbid conditions limiting physical function. Data on a Taiwanese subsample (n=30) were compared with data on 30 patients in the United States matched by sex, age, and severity of disease to determine the equivalence of the Chinese and English versions. Construct validity was assessed by testing the hypothesis that health-related quality of life measured by using the Minnesota Living With Heart Failure Questionnaire is associated with the score on the dyspnea questionnaire. Reliability was assessed by using the Cronbach {alpha} and item-total correlations.

Results Equivalence between the US and Taiwanese samples was high, from 0.67 to 0.91 for each item of the questionnaire and for the total score. Satisfactory correlations between the Chinese dyspnea and the Minnesota questionnaires, especially in the physical dimension (r=0.71, P<.001), provided support for the construct validity of the Chinese questionnaire. Reliability of the Chinese questionnaire was adequate ({alpha}=0.94).

Conclusions The Chinese Modified Pulmonary Functional Status and Dyspnea Questionnaire is a reliable and valid measure for dyspnea that can be used in Taiwanese patients with heart failure.






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Copyright © 2008 by the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses.